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Brazil is known for its vibrant culture, from carnival and samba to the iconic city of Rio de Janeiro, as well as its stunning paradise-like beaches. But beyond the coastline and big cities, the country is also home to impressive colonial towns that are perfect for exploring. One absolute must-visit is Ouro Preto, located in the diverse state of Minas Gerais.Ouro Preto has been a UNESCO World Heritage Site since 1980 and is one of the most important historical destinations in Brazil. Stroll across the central Praça Tiradentes, admire richly decorated churches, visit fascinating museums, and discover the turbulent history of this former gold mining town. Ready to explore? Here are the best things to do and top tips for your visit to Ouro Preto.
The history of Ouro Preto: from gold rush to UNESCO heritage town
About 100 kilometers from the metropolitan city Belo Horizonte you’ll find Ouro Preto, a town that looks like it has come straight out of a postcard. However, Ouro Preto is not only a beautiful destination, it also has a rich and turbulent past. The town was founded in 1711 and its name literally means ‘Black Gold’. Ouro Preto quickly grew into a prosperous city thanks to the many gold mines in the region. At its peak, it had around 110,000 inhabitants, mostly enslaved people. In comparison, Rio de Janeiro had only around 20,000 inhabitants at the time. When the gold reserves ran out at the end of the 19th century, residents gradually left and the city fell into decline.
The historical and cultural heritage of Ouro Preto has been well preserved, and the town is filled with impressive Baroque-style buildings, richly decorated with gold and intricate wood carvings. It is wonderful to wander through the steep, winding streets of Ouro Preto. You can truly feel the history everywhere you go. This is no coincidence, as these narrow streets also formed the backdrop for one of the most significant uprisings against Portuguese colonial rule.
What to do in Ouro Preto: the most beautiful sights
Ouro Preto is one of those towns where you’ll want to wander without a plan. Its steep streets, colonial buildings, and Baroque churches ensure that you’ll discover something beautiful around every corner. Still, there are a few places you simply shouldn’t miss during your visit. These are the top attractions and travel tips for Ouro Preto that will complete your experience.
1. The central square in Ouro Preto: Praça Tiradentes
Praça Tiradentes is the central square of Ouro Preto, named after Joaquim José da Silva Xavier, better known as Tiradentes. He was one of the leaders of the Inconfidência Mineira, a revolutionary movement in 1789 that sought to free Brazil from Portuguese colonial rule and establish an independent republic. When the uprising was uncovered, Tiradentes was arrested and executed by public hanging, turning him into one of Brazil’s most enduring symbols of resistance and freedom.
Slavery in Brazil was officially abolished in 1888, nearly a century after Tiradentes’ execution. Today, he is honored as a national hero, and April 21, the day of his death, is commemorated as a national holiday. Fittingly, his statue now stands tall at the center of Praça Tiradentes, watching over the square that bears his name.
Today, Praça Tiradentes is not only the heart of Ouro Preto but also home to some of the city’s most striking colonial landmarks. The square is framed by two imposing buildings: the Inconfidência Museum, dedicated to Brazil’s independence movement, and the Science and Engineering Museum of the Escola de Minas/UFOP, which once served as the Governor’s Palace.
It’s easy to see why Ouro Preto is often described as an open-air museum, though one with a dark and complex past.
2. The Casa dos Contos Museum: learn about the history of Ouro Preto
One of the main attractions of Ouro Preto is the Casa dos Contos Museum. This museum is housed in a mansion built between 1782 and 1787. It was the residence of João Rodrigues de Macedo, tax collector of the Captaincy of Minas Gerais. Over the years, the mansion served various purposes.
The museum is free to enter and offers fascinating insights into the history of Minas Gerais. Exhibits cover topics such as the gold trade and the legacy of slavery, alongside a large collection of historic Brazilian coins and banknotes. In my opinion, it’s a very worthwhile visit. Not least because the historic building itself is impressive to explore. Just keep in mind that most of the information is provided only in Portuguese.
3. Visit the old gold mines of Ouro Preto
Ouro Preto owes its existence to gold. In the 18th century, the town quickly became wealthy due to the vast gold deposits in the region, which led to a thriving colonial city filled with churches and impressive buildings. Today, you can still experience this history up close by visiting one of the old gold mines just outside the historic center.
One of the most well-known sites is Mina du Veloso, where you literally descend into narrow tunnels where thousands of enslaved people once worked under extremely harsh conditions to extract gold. During a guided tour, you gain a powerful insight into life underground, the working conditions, and the role the gold industry played in Brazil’s history.
Mina Chico Rei is also a remarkable place to visit. This mine is named after an enslaved African king who, according to legend, managed to buy his own freedom, and that of others, using gold extracted from the mine.
A visit to a gold mine completes your experience in Ouro Preto, as it gives you a deeper understanding of where the city’s wealth came from, and the harsh reality behind it.
4. Stroll through the artisan market (Feira de Pedra Sabão)
I’ve always loved visiting local markets filled with artisan stalls. In Ouro Preto, there is one you definitely shouldn’t miss: the market in front of the Church of São Francisco de Assis. Although the market was officially established in 1999, there are stories of artisans gathering here to trade goods as far back as 1824.
You’ll find around 50 stalls selling all kinds of items, including jewelry, ceramics, soapstone sculptures (pedra sabão), gemstones, and decorative home goods. It’s not only a great place to wander around and soak up the atmosphere, but also the perfect spot to pick up souvenirs to keep your memories of Ouro Preto alive.
The most beautiful churches of Ouro Preto
The heritage of Ouro Preto has been exceptionally well preserved, and this is especially visible in the impressive churches scattered throughout the city. During the gold rush period, they were richly decorated with gold leaf and Baroque details, making them some of the absolute highlights of any visit today. Below you’ll find the most beautiful churches in Ouro Preto.
5. Igreja Nossa Senhora do Carmo
The Igreja Nossa Senhora do Carmo is one of Ouro Preto's most elegant churches. Designed in Baroque style, the church is a fine example of the transition to Rococo. Especially its location in the historic center makes this a photogenic stop during your walk through the city.
6. Igreja São Francisco de Assis
The Igreja São Francisco de Assis is often regarded as the masterpiece of the famous Brazilian sculptor Aleijadinho. Both the facade and interior are richly decorated and are among the finest examples of Baroque architecture in Brazil. The ceiling painting is also impressively detailed.
7. Igreja Nossa Senhora do Rosário
The Igreja Nossa Senhora do Rosário has a striking circular shape and is often considered one of the city's most unique churches. Originally built for the Afro-Brazilian community during the colonial period, the church has special historical significance.
8. Igreja Matriz / Basílica Menor Nossa Senhora do Pilar
The Igreja Matriz de Nossa Senhora do Pilar, also titled Basílica Menor, is one of Ouro Preto's most impressive churches. Known as one of the richest in Minas Gerais, the interior of the church is richly decorated with gold.
Inside, you'll see a mix of Portuguese Baroque, Rococo and neoclassical influences. In addition, the church still plays an important role in religious festivals and traditions that have been passed down since colonial times.
The best restaurants in Ouro Preto
In addition to its beautiful historical highlights, Ouro Preto is also home to many great restaurants and bars. One place I would definitely return to is O’Passo Pizza & Jazz, but I also really enjoyed Restaurante Bené de Flauta.
9. O'passo Pizza Jazz
Sometimes you walk into a restaurant and immediately feel like you’ve found a hidden gem. That was exactly my experience at O’Passo Pizza & Jazz. Everything here just works: the interior, the terrace with views over the historic town, and the delicious Italian dishes with a Brazilian twist.
Their famous pizzas are a must-try. Thin and crispy, made with refined ingredients, and baked in a wood-fired oven for extra flavor. Tip: don’t miss the desserts, like the irresistible cheesecake with doce de leche.
10. Restaurante Bené de Flauta
Close to the Church of São Francisco de Assis, you’ll find Restaurante Bené da Flauta. It is housed in a traditional two-story building with a cozy interior, friendly staff, and an extensive menu with something for everyone. You’ll find Brazilian sharing dishes as well as individual options, including Italian-style meals. The wine selection is also excellent.
Where to stay in Ouro Preto: these are the best places
There are several great accommodation options in Ouro Preto across different price ranges. Since the town is made up mostly of steep cobblestone streets, I recommend choosing a hotel in the historic center of the city.
A recommended place to stay in Ouro Preto is Casa do Chá Ouro Preto. This ‘pousada’—the local term for a traditional Brazilian guesthouse—is located right in the city center. From here, you can easily walk to the main historical attractions, shops, and restaurants. The breakfast is also excellent. A double room with breakfast typically costs between €70 and €100 per night. Looking for something more luxurious? Then Hotel Solar do Rosário is a fantastic option, featuring two beautiful swimming pools and a rooftop terrace with views over the Nossa Senhora do Rosário church. Here, rates are around €150 to €200 per night.
View the full overview of hotels in Ouro Preto here and compare the different options.
More inspiration for exploring Minas Gerais in Brazil
Ouro Preto is just one of many hidden gems in the diverse state of Minas Gerais. This region is famous for its colonial history, lush mountain landscapes, delicious cuisine, and warm hospitality. Ready to discover more?
What to do in Belo Horizonte: the bustling capital of Minas Gerais, known for its vibrant restaurants and bars, striking Oscar Niemeyer architecture, and lively markets.
The most beautiful places in Serra do Cipó: a rugged natural paradise near Belo Horizonte, perfect for hiking, swimming in waterfalls, and embarking on adventurous day trips.
An unforgettable trip to Brazil
Would you like to include Ouro Preto and the Minas Gerais region in a round trip through Brazil, but are you unsure how to best combine everything? We are happy to help you plan your journey. During a personal 1-on-1 video call, we take the time to understand your travel wishes, style, and budget. Based on this, we design a complete travel itinerary through Brazil, including the most beautiful destinations such as colonial towns, natural areas, and unique experiences that perfectly match your preferences. That way, all you have to do is enjoy a carefree and unforgettable trip through Brazil.
Naomi van Hagen
Curious, creative and passionate about travel, I’m always on the lookout for unique destinations where culture, gastronomy and adventure come together. As a travel blogger, I share personal stories and insider tips from countries like Brazil, Greece, Indonesia, Thailand and Peru, from hidden gems and rich traditions to unforgettable culinary experiences. My blogs are based on real travel experiences and in-depth local knowledge. Ready to plan your own adventure? As a personal travel consultant, I’ll help you create a tailor-made trip that perfectly suits your travel dreams.
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